Çatalhöyük
- Tür: Höyük
- Tema: UNESCO Dünya Mirası
- Yüzyıl: MÖ 52. yy, MÖ 75. yy
- Bölge: Türkiye, İç Anadolu Bölgesi, Konya, Çumra
 Ruins of Çatalhöyük | |
  Shown within Turkey  Çatalhöyük (Near East)  Çatalhöyük (West and Central Asia) | |
| Location | Küçükköy, Konya Province, Turkey |
|---|---|
| Region | Anatolia |
| Coordinates | 37°40′00″N 32°49′41″E / 37.66667°N 32.82806°E |
| Type | Settlement |
| History | |
| Founded | Approximately 7100 BC; 9124 years ago |
| Abandoned | Approximately 5700 BC; 7724 years ago |
| Periods | Neolithic to Chalcolithic |
| Official name | Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, iv |
| Designated | 2012 (36th session) |
| Reference no. | 1405 |
| Region | Southern Europe and Western Asia |
Çatalhöyük (English: Chatalhoyuk [cha-TAL-hu-yook]; Turkish pronunciation: [tʃaˈtaɫhœjyc]; also Çatal Höyük and Çatal Hüyük; from Turkish çatal "fork" + höyük "tumulus") is a tell (a mounded accretion due to long-term human settlement) of a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic proto-city settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BC to 6400 BC and flourished around 7000 BC.[2] In July 2012, it was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[3]
Çatalhöyük overlooks the Konya Plain, southeast of the present-day city of Konya (ancient Iconium) in Turkey, approximately 140 km (87 mi) from the twin-coned volcano of Mount Hasan. The eastern settlement forms a mound that would have risen about 20 m (66 ft) above the plain at the time of the latest Neolithic occupation. There is also a smaller settlement mound to the west and a Byzantine settlement a few hundred meters to the east. The prehistoric mound settlements were abandoned before the Bronze Age. A channel of the Çarşamba River once flowed between the two mounds, and the settlement was built on alluvial clay which may have been favorable for early agriculture. Currently, the closest river is the Euphrates.
- ^ Shukurov, Anvar; Sarson, Graeme R.; Gangal, Kavita (7 May 2014). "The Near-Eastern Roots of the Neolithic in South Asia". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): Appendix S1. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...995714G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095714. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4012948. PMID 24806472.
- ^ Renfrew, Colin (2006). "Inception of agriculture and rearing in the Middle East". Human Palaeontology and Prehistory. 5 (1): 395–404. Bibcode:2006CRPal...5..395R. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2005.10.012.
- ^ [1] Çatalhöyük entry on the UNESCO World Heritage List site