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Tomb of Ahmad Sanjar
Religion
AffiliationIslam
Year consecrated1157
Statusrestored
Location
LocationTurkmenistan Merv, Turkmenistan
Architecture
Architect(s)Muhammad ibn Aziz of Sarakhs
Specifications
Width17 m
Height (max)27 m

The Tomb of Ahmad Sanjar is a mausoleum commemorating Ahmad Sanjar, a Seljuk ruler of Khorasan. It was built in 1157 in the medieval city of Merv in the Karakum Desert in Turkmenistan.[1] Throughout his reign, Sanjar fought off several invasions and uprisings until finally being defeated by the Oghuz.[2] After being sacked by the Oghuz, Merv declined and in 1221, the Mongols attacked it and burned down the mausoleum.[3] It would later be restored by Soviet, Turkmen, and Turkish architects during the 20th and 21st centuries. The tomb is part of The State Historical and Cultural Park "Ancient Merv", a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[4]

The tomb was built by Sanjar’s successor, Muhammad ibn Aziz, along the Silk Road. It is shaped like a cube with a dome on top, which is 27m high. The walls are 14m high, and the entire dome is 17m by 17m wide.[5] Despite its restorations, the Tomb is still missing features such as its second story, the turquoise covered outer dome, and the surrounding buildings in the complex. Albeit in ruins, the tomb is one of the few surviving examples of secular Seljuk funerary architecture. Its squat proportions and hexadecagonal surrounding of the outer dome would influence later works of architecture.[6]

  1. ^ Saunders, John Joseph (1971). The History of the Mongol Conquests. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0812217667.
  2. ^ Tor, D. G. (2018). "The Eclipse of Khurāsān in the twelfth century". Bulletin of SOAS. 81 (2): 267. doi:10.1017/S0041977X18000484. S2CID 133674536 – via Cambridge Core.
  3. ^ Boyle, John (September 1963). "The Mongol Invasion into Eastern Persia, 1220-1223". History Today. 13: 618 – via Gentes. ISSN 0018-2753
  4. ^ UNESCO Office Tashkent, and Georgina Herrmann. "The Archaeological Park 'Ancient Merv' Turkmenistan", UNESCO, 1998, p. 51–52 https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/nominations/886.pdf
  5. ^ Ettinghausen, Richard; Grabar, Oleg; Jenkins, Marilyn. Islamic Art and Architecture 650-1250. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 146 ISBN 9780300088694
  6. ^ Gye, David; Hillenbrand, Robert (2001). "Mausolea at Merv and Dehistan." Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies. 39 5. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4300597
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